This is a concise look into my thesis project.&nbsp;Find the entire paper&nbsp;<a href="https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-67431-0_14">Here</a>

The issue of overloading applications on one's device is termed "App Fatigue".

Be it food delivery, online shopping, hailing a ride, or playing music, each app has its own USP and aims for user convenience. But isn't the app-juggling an in-convenience in itself?  

PAWN sought to address this problem by centralizing the "how and why" of app functions into one unified Progressive Web App for each application category.

Mobile devices are super-personal. Each user has their own learned, if not habituated, way of navigating the device interface. This insight derived from the research directed the primary objective and goal of this exercise.

The Objective: Map out and stick to the current behavior patterns of mobile device users, and make sure the solution reduces user-efforts apps on the device.

The goal: conceptualize a solution that solves the user's pain point of juggling multiple apps.

The key exercise performed was collecting app menu screenshots from participants to observe how they organized/ accessed them.

A key insight: People HATE disorganized experiences.

Users either organized their apps into folders themselves or used launchers and OS features to arrange frequently used apps for convenience.

Some users went as far as having dedicated home-screen layouts to fit 3-4 of their most important apps.  

Understanding App Fatigue: Through articles, preceeding studies, and user surveys, I explored user behavior patterns, The market size of different Operating Systems, the distribution of user groups across different factors, and technological advances in the application development space.

Potential of PWAs: I studied advancements in web technologies that enabled PWAs to function as efficient, lightweight, and device-agnostic platforms.

These insights informed the design approach, emphasizing simplicity, accessibility, and centralization of functionalities.

The ideation process involved brainstorming where the problem could be solved from: 

In the end, a rating matrix of the proposed solutions scored against their effectiveness across problem areas determined which solution did it best

In 2015, Alex Russell and Frances Berriman recognized a new class of websites that offered a better user experience than traditional web applications, leading them to coin the term "Progressive Web Apps".

What they observed: These websites were characterized by their ability to function like native apps, offering features like offline access, push notifications, and a fast, engaging user experience.

Focus on user experience: The concept of PWAs aimed to bridge the gap between traditional web apps and native apps, providing users with a more app-like experience on the web.

Browser Support: Firefox introduced support for service workers in 2016, and Microsoft Edge and Apple Safari followed in 2018, making service workers available on all major systems.

Google's Promotion: Google then put significant efforts into promoting PWA development for Android.

Reason's for choosing to design for android only for this project:

Android having a larger user base than iOS and being easier to deploy to and customize.

73% of the participants owned android phones across different brands and showed variation in how they organized their applications

This study also performed only with the Indian demographic, where the predominant OS of choice was android

Based on the research, I also suggested a combined ML model usage framework to study user data and make the prediction of their next app/ service requirement as accurate as possible.

We called this the "Integrated Data-driven Guidance for App Fatigue"

I still am on the constant lookout for feedback on this approach as my knowledge on ML models is limited to the study I performed during this research effort and the articles I read as I come across them.

Wire-framing: Low-High fidelity wireframes helped map out the core user flows, functionalities and aesthetic choices. Will not bore you with the details of this.

Prototyping: Created an interactive high-fidelity prototype that demonstrated how PAWN could streamline multiple app functions with a straightforward example of a food delivery scenario.

Visual Design: The design employed a minimalist aesthetic with a focus on clarity and ease of use. A consistent color palette, intuitive navigation, and responsive layouts ensured the prototype effectively communicated its purpose.

The project concluded with the publication of a research paper in the ICBT journal, which highlighted the potential of PWAs as an alternative to native mobile apps.

The paper detailed the design principles, research insights, and the technological advancements leveraged in PAWN, contributing to the broader discussion on solving app fatigue through innovative and accessible web technologies.

The project received positive academic recognition and served as a strong case study for combining user-centered design with emerging technology solutions.

This project deepened my understanding of user-centered design, particularly in addressing complex user problems like app fatigue. 

It also reinforced the importance of research-driven design and the power of iterative feedback. If I were to revisit the project

I thank my guide for pushing me to learn about ML frameworks and the math behind decision-making and predictions, which helped me propose a solution framework that sought to gain a multi-angle perspective of user behavior.

Progressive web-Apps Wrapped Natively. A novel solution to App Fatigue.

This is a concise look into my thesis project. Find the entire paper 

Reason's for choosing to design for android only for this project:

Research Paper: Fighting App Fatigue with an OS level approach

• Handled all of design from Interface, graphics, web design, marketing content and blog collaborations.
• Revamped the marketing media and User experience, simplifying the flows and segregating core
functionalities, contributing to a 56% increase in click through rates and 37% in user acquisition.


• Designed the product experience from ground up for both MVP and final stages. 
• Shipped multiple facets for the product from branding and experience to advertisements.
• Contributed to a user base of 40k and upwards of INR 1 crore in trades monthly. 
• Learnt a lot about the industry and got to work with a great team!
• Worked on the branding and initial UI concepts for a new product line.

• Handling everything, Design and Research
• Part of the founding team.

Before Craze became a product, the founders were running a small experiment on Discord, a space where users wagered points on live events while the team manually managed trades and prizes. It was their way of testing how prediction-driven communities behave in real time.

Once the experiment gained momentum, I joined as the designer to help shape that early chaos into a coherent mobile experience, one that made ‘trading on events’ simple, structured, and engaging.

Outcome: Grew to 40,000+ users within the first few months post-launch.

Leveraging Craze’s existing Discord community as an observation ground provided valuable understanding of how users interacted with event predictions through command-based bots.

These insights guided the move from a fragmented, bot-driven experience to a cohesive, visual trading environment that felt intuitive and rewarding.

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Design Benchmarking:
Apps like Robinhood and Kalshi informed the approach to clarity, modularity, and trust cues — but Craze differentiated itself by combining these with social engagement loops drawn from community behavior on Discord.&nbsp;&nbsp;

The most engaged members of the Discord community (around 10 folks) acted as a reference to our user persona, as they represented the core power users of the product.

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Converted a Discord-based experiment into an opinion-trading platform used by 40k+ people to trade ~1cr per month

Months prior to Craze, the founders ran a Discord server where members wagered points on live events while the team manually managed trades and prizes. It was their way of testing how prediction-driven communities behave in real time.

As the experiment gained momentum, I joined as the designer to help shape that early chaos into a coherent mobile experience, one that made ‘trading on events’ simple, structured, and engaging.

 Grew to 40,000+ users within the first few months post-launch.

make header images for: Primary Competitors and "Design references"

Design Benchmarking:
Apps like Robinhood and Kalshi informed the approach to clarity, modularity, and trust cues — but Craze differentiated itself by combining these with social engagement loops drawn from community behavior on Discord.  

Taking an event-trading mobile app from 0->1 for 40k users

Samarth made gorgeous designs for the Craze app and made tens of thousands of users fall in love with the aesthetics and the simplicity of its interface. He never failed to amaze us with his out-of-the-box thinking which showed in all his design iterations. He's an amazing designer to work with, and understands the intricacies of designing a great consumer app.

Research Paper: Fighting App Fatigue with an OS level approach

Samarth. R.S